Economics & Education

EVALUATION OF THE INNOVATION POTENTIAL OF FREIGHT ROAD TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES IN UKRAINE: CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT ISSUES

Oksana Dziuba — 2025-03-31

The purpose of the present article is to assess the current state and problems of the innovative potential of Ukrainian freight road transport enterprises. Methodology. The methodological framework for potential evaluation is hereby proposed, incorporating traditional evaluation indicators (aspects of resources, human resources, organisational, financial, and technological components) and supplemented by indicators that identify the impact of intellectual capital on development efficiency, the impact of human resources development costs on development efficiency, and the impact of technology investment on development efficiency. The work employs a range of analytical methods, including the comparative method, the index method, and the factor method. Results. An evaluation of the innovation potential of five leading enterprises in the freight transportation market in Ukraine was carried out. The study revealed that the enterprises primarily utilise innovative solutions in the technological and human resources components. It was established that PJSC "DHL International Ukraine" was the sole enterprise to demonstrate the implementation of innovative technological solutions from 2020 to 2023, thereby ensuring the effective management of human resources development in the context of fluctuating financial components. The evaluation results presented herein determine the formation of innovation potential characteristics of freight transport enterprises in Ukraine. Practical implications. The methodological support presented can be used to assess the innovative potential of Ukrainian road transport enterprises and related sectors. Moreover, the empirical research data can be utilised to compile lecture materials, practical classes, and test tasks related to the analysis of the features of innovative development of enterprises in the automotive sector of Ukraine and other countries. Value / Оriginality. The scientific novelty of the evaluation indicators list is predicated on the development of methodological support for evaluating the innovation potential level, with a focus on the relationship between innovation potential and enterprise performance.

PROBLEMS AND TERRITORIAL DISPARITIES OF THE LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT IN UKRAINE: IMPROVING THE LONG-TERM POLICY

Larysa Bogush — 2025-03-31

The purpose of the paper is to identify problems and substantiate priorities for the regulation of employment and territorial labour markets in Ukraine in the conditions of combining a number of socio-economic global, macro-regional (pan-European) and national challenges. Methodology. The study summarises and analyses the country-wide and territorial problems of the labour use and reproduction in Ukraine. It then synthesises the approaches to overcoming these problems through improving the employment organisation, regulation and efficiency. The main results include: a study of the current methodological foundations for the formation and regulation of the national labour market and its territorial components; identification of deep and urgent problems in the functioning of the employment sector, sectoral and territorial labour markets of Ukraine, as well as in their management; identification of approaches to the modernisation of territorial labour markets, the State Employment Service of Ukraine and its regional offices, consistent with the principles and practices of labour and employment management in developed countries of the European macro-region; substantiation of mechanisms and strategic priorities for a comprehensive solution to the problems of diversifying and balancing territorial economic systems, stimulating productive employment, increasing the labour potential of the population, ensuring decent working conditions, and preventing the outflow of skilled labour from Ukraine. The study's practical implications are determined by the development of approaches to formulating a systemic strategy for overcoming the consequences of the martial law period. Such an approach should also modernise the economy and balance the proportions of the economy's territorial proportions, increase the competitiveness of national enterprises and workers, and fulfil Ukraine's European integration aspirations. Value / Originality. The study demonstrated the pivotal function of enhancing the efficacy of labour and employment territorial regulation mechanisms in implementing a successive strategy for sustainable economic, innovative and social development of Ukraine. This strategy aims to enhance the quality of the population's labour potential, ensure the replenishment of human capital, and fortify the resilience of national business entities and communities (hromadas).

HR ANALYTICS AS A RISK MONITORING TOOL IN PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Mykhailo Dreichuk — 2025-03-31

The objective of this study is to examine the function of HR analytics in the identification, monitoring and mitigation of risks within human resource management (HRM) systems. In the context of an increasingly intricate management of workforces, enterprises encounter a multitude of challenges, encompassing operational inefficiencies, elevated rates of personnel turnover, detrimental impacts on reputation, and regulatory infractions. The present study aims to analyse how HR analytics can serve as a strategic tool for risk assessment and mitigation, with a view to improving decision-making processes in HRM. Methodology. This study employs a qualitative research approach, focusing on an in-depth literature review and case study analysis to explore the role of HR analytics in risk monitoring and mitigation. The literature review synthesises extant research on HR analytics, risk management, and workforce planning, drawing on academic publications, industry reports, and theoretical frameworks. Furthermore, the analysis of case studies of organisations that have successfully implemented HR analytics for risk management provides valuable insights into best practices, challenges, and outcomes. The study utilised a range of qualitative data sources, including industry reports, HRM policy documents, and expert interviews, with the objective of offering a comprehensive understanding of the practical application of HR analytics. Results. The findings indicate that HR analytics has the potential to significantly enhance risk management in HRM systems by facilitating data-driven decision-making processes. Organisations that employ predictive analytics are able to identify potential workforce challenges, such as talent shortages, employee dissatisfaction, and compliance risks, before such issues escalate. Furthermore, the integration of HR analytics with artificial intelligence and big data solutions provides deeper insights into employee behaviour and workforce dynamics, thus improving organisational resilience. Practical іmplications. This study underscores the pragmatic advantages of HR analytics for human resources professionals, executives, and policymakers. The implementation of data-driven HR strategies has been demonstrated to result in enhanced workforce planning, reduced employee turnover, and improved regulatory compliance. Furthermore, it is asserted that organisations which leverage HR analytics for risk monitoring purposes can enhance their competitiveness by minimising workforce-related uncertainties and optimising human capital management. Value / Originality. This research makes a significant contribution to the extant literature by providing a structured analysis of HR analytics as a risk management tool in HRM. In contradistinction to preceding studies, which have chiefly concentrated on the utilisation of HR analytics for talent acquisition and performance management, this study accentuates its function in identifying and mitigating organisational risks. The originality of this work lies in its comprehensive approach, combining theoretical insights with real-world applications to demonstrate the strategic importance of HR analytics in modern workforce management.

BETTER LOCATED MUNICIPALITIES: COMPARING FRONTIER COMMUNITIES IN BRAZIL AND UKRAINE

Mariia Ilina — 2025-03-31

The objective of the present paper is twofold: firstly, to reveal the differences between the economic status of frontier and non-frontier communities; and secondly, to verify the assumption that border municipalities and provinces do have more opportunities and capacities for local development compared to remote and isolated areas. The related tasks are to study frontier communities considering their economic and social status, to compare key items of the budgets, and to differentiate the communities. Methodology. The study has drawn upon a sample of municipalities and provinces in Paraná state, Brazil, and communities (hromadas) in Lviv Oblast, Ukraine. A comprehensive comparison has been undertaken of key financial indicators of municipal budgets and local economies, including revenues, expenditures, funds, subsidies, transfers, taxes, and GDP per capita. The calculation of correlation coefficients was undertaken to facilitate the comparison of values for the border and non-border units. The study has also drawn upon a comprehensive database, which includes detailed profiles of the communities, municipalities and provinces included in the study. Results. The study revealed that border communities typically have superior economic status and greater opportunities for local development compared to non-border communities. This finding is subsequently corroborated by a comparison of key financial indicators on local budgets, GDP and taxes. In the Brazilian context, the frontier communities demonstrate higher GDP, revenues, and local budgets in comparison to the sample mean. In the Ukrainian context, the findings indicate that transit frontier communities exhibit higher levels of revenue, capital expenditure, and subsidisation in comparison to isolated frontier communities. Concurrently, in both instances, the disclosed relations are not sufficiently stringent, and certain remote and non-frontier communities exhibit superior economic status. While the geographical proximity of a community to its bordering location does contribute to its financial capacity, this influence is minimal. Practical implications. The development strategy for a community varies significantly depending on its economic status, financial capacities, and spatial location. The research results identify the key adjustments to the development strategy, thereby facilitating the formulation of local policy. While the study validates that frontier communities (hromadas) possess superior economic resources and capabilities, it does not elucidate the underlying motivations and interrelationships between community localisation and economic efficiency. The necessity to ascertain the dependency in question is best fulfilled by conducting in-depth interviews with representatives of local authorities and public administration personnel. Value / Originality. The research conclusion regarding the correlation between economic efficiency and financial capacity of frontier communities has been substantiated through comprehensive comparisons and an inter-cultural approach.

GLOBAL IMPERATIVES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CRYPTOCURRENCY SEGMENT OF THE GLOBAL FINANCIAL MARKET

Mykhailo Nechyporchuk — 2025-03-31

The development of the cryptocurrency segment within the global financial market has emerged as one of the most transformative phenomena of the digital economy over the past decade. The present study aims to analyse the global imperatives driving this development, focusing on the key trends, challenges, and opportunities shaping the cryptocurrency market. Methodology. This study uses a combination of analytical and comparative methodologies to examine the cryptocurrency segment within the global financial market. The analytical approach is used to assess the structural dynamics, market trends and capitalisation growth of cryptocurrencies, while the comparative method facilitates the assessment of differences and similarities in the adoption of cryptocurrencies across different countries and financial systems. Data was collected by reviewing publicly available financial reports, cryptocurrency market data and institutional studies. Quantitative analysis was performed to evaluate numerical trends in market capitalisation, transaction volumes, and cryptocurrency usage in payment systems. Furthermore, a qualitative analysis was conducted to elucidate the regulatory challenges and their ramifications for financial stability. Results. The findings indicate the preeminence of Bitcoin, its evolution into a global asset, and the expanding role of altcoins, utility tokens and stablecoins. The analysis reveals the rising use of cryptocurrencies in commercial payments, the issuance of national digital currencies, and the substantial adoption of blockchain technologies by global corporations. However, the study also identifies critical challenges, including regulatory ambiguities, security vulnerabilities, and systemic risks associated with financial stability. The value and originality of this research lie in its comprehensive approach to assessing the multifaceted nature of the cryptocurrency market. The integration of quantitative insights with policy implications has resulted in the formulation of a novel framework for comprehending the strategic role of cryptocurrencies in the evolving global financial landscape. The study's findings offer actionable recommendations for policymakers, investors, and financial institutions seeking to navigate the intricacies of the cryptocurrency ecosystem.

MODEL OF STUDENT DIGITAL COMPETENCIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW GENERATION UNIVERSITIES

Natalia Bobro — 2025-03-31

The objective of the present study is to summarise and present a conceptual model of student digital competencies in the development of new generation universities. The research will analyse the structural elements of digital competence, the factors that influence its formation, and the mechanisms for assessing the level of digital competencies in the modern educational environment. Methodology. The research employs a systematic approach that considers digital competence to be a dynamic multicomponent structure, incorporating theoretical, activity, and evaluation components. The analysis has been conducted through an interdisciplinary lens, integrating the theoretical underpinnings of digital education, practical methodologies for cultivating digital competencies, and contemporary trends in the digital transformation of university education. Results. The research confirmed that students' digital competencies are a multidimensional formation that includes theoretical, activity, and evaluation components. The theoretical component provides a systematic understanding of digital literacy, the activity component covers methods and means of developing digital skills, and the evaluation component determines the level of digital competencies. The digital university has been identified as the predominant environment for the development of students' digital competencies, given its promotion of modern educational technologies, encompassing digital platforms, adaptive teaching methods, virtual environments, and gamification. Practical significance. The proposed model of digital competencies has the potential to be utilised in the enhancement of educational programmes, the development of digital learning platforms, and the implementation of innovative approaches to the cultivation of digital literacy in students. The identified patterns can serve as a basis for strategic planning of the digital transformation of higher education institutions. Scientific novelty. The research contributes to the scientific understanding of students' digital competencies, substantiates their structure, and identifies key factors that influence their development within a digital university. The conceptual model presented herein can serve as a foundational framework for future empirical research in the domain of digital education.

INTERDISCIPLINARY PROJECTS OF THE ERASMUS+ STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP: THE POTENTIAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE EU AND UKRAINE

Anatoliy Ishchenko — 2025-03-31

The article under consideration here is devoted to an exploration of the significance of strategic partnership projects of EU universities as a case study in the development of the higher education system in Ukraine. The emphasis is on interdisciplinarity as a significant and promising guideline that contributes to the attraction of innovative approaches and the integration of knowledge from different disciplines to achieve maximum results. It is observed that the primary objectives of projects undertaken within the framework of the strategic partnership encompass compliance with the goals of sustainable development, academic mobility of teachers and students, inclusiveness, lifelong learning, interdisciplinarity, and other pertinent factors. The latter aspect is the focus of this discussion, and it is worthy of note that it is increasingly the subject of numerous studies and is actively used. The objective of this study is to ascertain the features of the implementation of the concept of interdisciplinarity in the projects of the strategic partnership Erasmus+, as a means to the development of the higher education system. Methodology. The following research methods were selected for this study: 1) analytical and synthetic methods that facilitated the interpretation and understanding of the key points of scientific works devoted to strategic partnership projects, directly related to these projects; 2) the generalisation method was employed to comprehend the study's results and formulate conclusions. The analysis of strategic partnership projects presented in the work was carried out on the basis of the classification of G. Heckhausen, who distinguished indiscriminate, pseudo-interdisciplinary, auxiliary, complex, additional, unifying interdisciplinarity. Results. In accordance with this theoretical basis, the following strategic partnership projects were considered: "International mobility: opportunities and problems. Proper preparation for studying at a foreign university", "University network of cultural heritage – comprehensive protection, management and use", "DigiLing: trans-European center for e-learning in digital linguistics". The analysis of the projects revealed a comprehensive, complementary and unifying interdisciplinary focus.

SECTORAL DISTORTIONS OF THE LABOUR MARKET IN UKRAINE: ANALYSIS AND PROSPECTS

Eduard Bohdan — 2025-03-31

The labour market in Ukraine has undergone significant changes in recent years, driven by both pre-war economic processes and the full-scale war that has been ongoing since 2022. Key challenges include shifts in the employment structure, intensified migration processes, sectoral imbalances and the impact of economic instability on socio-labour relations. Research on this topic is highly relevant as it allows for an assessment of the crisis phenomena affecting the labour market and the identification of possible ways to stabilise and develop it. Another important aspect is the analysis of regional employment characteristics and the identification of the most vulnerable population groups facing difficulties in finding employment. Practical implications. The present study is devoted to the analysis of sectoral imbalances in Ukraine's labour market, which have emerged as a consequence of economic, social, and political transformations that have transpired in the context of the pre-war era and the ongoing war. A particular emphasis is placed on sectoral imbalances, employment levels, and migration processes, with an investigation into their impact on the labour market. Methodology. The research is grounded in a comprehensive analysis of statistical data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the State Employment Service, official reports, and academic publications. A range of analytical methods are employed to assess labour market changes, including comparative analysis, structural analysis and statistical approaches. Research objective. The primary objective of this study is to identify key trends and imbalances in Ukraine's labour market, forecast its future development, and formulate recommendations to mitigate the negative impact of war and economic factors on employment. Conclusions. The study confirms the presence of significant sectoral distortions in Ukraine's labour market, which have been exacerbated by the war. The research has identified that economic instability, mobilisation, forced migration, and infrastructure destruction have resulted in alterations to the employment structure. There is an increasing demand for blue-collar workers, IT specialists, healthcare professionals, and the military-industrial sector. Concurrently, conventional industries such as trade and services have experienced substantial losses. The document puts forward a series of recommendations for adapting the labour market to contemporary challenges, including the establishment of retraining programs, support for small businesses, digitalization of employment, and stimulation of innovative economic sectors.

INFLATION AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEES' REAL INCOMES

Nataliia Turlo — 2025-03-31

The purpose of the paper is threefold: firstly, to analyse the impact of inflation on real incomes of employees in Ukraine; secondly, to identify the main trends and factors that determine this impact; and thirdly, to assess possible ways to minimise the negative effects of inflation on the welfare of the population. Methodology. The present study is grounded in the analysis of statistical data obtained from official sources, including the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the National Bank of Ukraine and the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine. The comparative analysis method was used to assess the trends, and econometric modelling based on multivariate linear regression was used to quantify the relationship between inflation and real incomes of employees. Moreover, a comprehensive review of the extant scientific literature and government policies aimed at mitigating the deleterious impact of inflation was conducted. The study employs a systematic approach that encompasses economic, social, and political dimensions of the issue, enabling the formulation of cogent conclusions and the development of recommendations for enhancing the well-being of the population. The survey results indicated that inflation in Ukraine has a substantial impact on the real incomes of employees, particularly in the context of inadequate wage indexation. Econometric analysis confirmed the existence of a strong inverse relationship between the inflation rate and the purchasing power of the population. The findings of this study indicate that the implementation of effective anti-inflationary policies and the establishment of social protection mechanisms can serve as effective countermeasures to mitigate the adverse consequences of inflation on the overall welfare of the populace. Practical implications. In order to mitigate the adverse consequences of inflation on the real incomes of employees, it is imperative to enhance the mechanisms for indexing wages in accordance with inflation, fortify government social protection programmes for the most vulnerable segments of the population, utilise monetary and fiscal policy instruments to regulate inflation, and foster labour productivity and economic competitiveness. Value / Оriginality. The significance and originality of the article are predicated on the exhaustive analysis of the impact of inflation on real incomes of employees in Ukraine, utilising econometric modelling to quantify this relationship. The study combines macroeconomic and social approaches, taking into account the current challenges and specifics of the Ukrainian economy, and offers practical recommendations for mitigating the negative effects of inflation.