«OPEN CITY»: CONCEPTS AND LEGAL BASIS
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Published:
Oct 25, 2022
Abstract
It was established that the content ratio of the existing e-participation and e-service platforms can be differentiated according to the following characteristics: – implementation – selective (single), group and complex; – object-subject composition – close, but not identical; – scope, goals and objectives, tools and technologies for their achievement; – use is based on appropriate legal and financial support, as well as sufficient digital competence, the simultaneous presence of which is a necessary and sufficient condition for practical implementation. It was found that at the current stage of the development of e-democracy relations, the concept of "Open City" is used and variably understood as: project, e-platform, e-service, geosystem, mobile application, tool. An analysis of the components of the concept of "Open City" was carried out, which made it possible to formulate it in broad and narrow understandings. It is proposed to consider it expedient to place the structural component on the e-city in the project of the Digital Code of Ukraine.
How to Cite
Kirin, R., & Shekhovtsov, V. (2022). «OPEN CITY»: CONCEPTS AND LEGAL BASIS. Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, (2), 96-103. https://doi.org/10.30525/2592-8813-2022-2-16
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Keywords
open city, smart city, digital city, e-democracy, e-participation, e-service.
References
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6. R.P. Dameri & A. Cocchia (2013) Smart City and Digital City: Twenty Years of Terminology Evolution. X Conference of the Italian Chapter of AIS, ITAIS.
7. Pro «Vidkrite misto» yak chastinu «E-demu». IT-servIsi dlya gromad. 12.02.2019. [About «Open City» as part of «E-demo». IT services for communities]. URL: https://decentralization.gov.ua/news/10621?fbclid=IwAR3vhE-4c9k4D-zlghP0CHxEMb5Kyqks_11FZSbDwSFKjT0G9DMjgB5cI4 (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
8. Pro proekt e-DEM. [About the e-DEM project]. URL: https://e-dem.ua/about_us (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
9. Ponad tri tisyachi meshkantsiv gromad uzhe koristuyutsya Platformoyu SVOYI. 25.06.2021. [More than three thousand residents of communities already use the SVOI Platform]. URL: https://decentralization.gov.ua/news/13721 (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
10. Mintsifra prezentuvala platformu «Diya. Tsifrova gromada». 03.08.2021. [The Ministry of Digital presented the platform «Action. Digital community»]. URL: https://decentralization.gov.ua/news/13840 (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
11. Markevich, K., & Sidenko, V. (2021). Smart-infrastruktura u stalomu rozvytku mist: svitovyi dosvid ta perspektyvy Ukrainy [Smart infrastructure in sustainable urban development: world experience and prospects of Ukraine]. Kyiv: Vydavnytstvo «Zapovit». 400 s. [in Ukrainian].
12. Golovnya O.M. & Kondratova M.V. (2021) Kontseptsiya Integrovanogo rozvitku mist: Evropeyskiy dosvid ta yogo mozhlivosti zastosuvannya v Ukrayini. [The concept of integrated urban development: European experience and its application possibilities in Ukraine]. Ekonomika, fInansi, menedzhment: aktualni pitannya nauki i praktiki. 3. 178-194. DOI: https://doi. org/10.37128/2411-4413-2021-3-12 [in Ukrainian].
13. Platforma elektronnoyi demokratiyi ta elektronnogo vryaduvannya SMART CITY, SMART GROMADA, SMART REGION. [SMART CITY, SMART COMMUNITY, SMART REGION e-democracy and e-governance platform]. URL: https://bissoft.org/ua/ smart-city (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
14. Hamid Tohidi & Mohammad Mehdi Jabbari (2011) The main requirements to implement an electronic city. Procedia Computer Science. 3:1106-1110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2010.12.180
15. Vidkrite misto. [Open city]. URL: https://egap.in.ua/projects/vidkryte-misto/ (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
16. Pro zvernennya gromadyan : Zakon Ukrayini (1996) vid 02.10.1996 r. № 393/96-VR. [About the appeal of citizens]. URL: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/393/96-vr#Text (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
17. Asotsiatsiya vidkritih mist. Elektronni rishennya vladi i gromadyanam! [Association of open cities. Electronic solutions for authorities and citizens!]. URL: https://avm.org.ua/ (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
18. Potentsial tsifrovoyi transformatsiyi u gromadah Ukrayini. [The potential of digital transformation in the communities of Ukraine] 10.01.2022. URL: https://voxukraine.org/potentsial-tsyfrovoyi-transformatsiyi-u-gromadah-ukrayiny/ (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
19. open city. URL: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/open-city (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022).
20. Dashkevych, O. & Portnov, B.A. Criteria for Smart City Identification: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability 2022, 14, 4448. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14084448
21. MhItaryan A. (2020) Pravovi zasadi elektronnoyi demokratiyi v Ukrayini. [Legal Basis of Electronic Democracy in Ukraine]. Knowledge, Education, Law, Management. 4(32), vol. 1, 208-212. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51647/kelm.2020.4.1.38 [in Ukrainian].
22. Baregamyan S.H. & ChInchin K.I. (2022) Suchasniy stan, problemi ta perspektivi normativno-pravovogo zabezpechennya E-demokratiyi v Ukrayini v umovah Evropeyskoyi Integratsiyi. [Current State, Problems and Prospects of Regulatory and Legal Support of OF E-Democracy in Ukraine in the Conditions of European Integration]. Yuridichniy naukoviy elektronniy zhurnal, (1). 61-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2022-1/12 [in Ukrainian].
23. Omelchenko, A. (2022). Zakonodavstvo Ukrayini u sferi tsifrovoyi transformatsiyi. [Legislation of Ukraine in the Field of Digital Transformation: the State of Development and Prospects for Systematization]. Znannya Evropeyskogo prava, (6), 60-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32837/chern.v0i6.300 [in Ukrainian].
24. Pro zatverdzhennya Instruktsiyi z dilovodstva za zvernennyami gromadyan v organah derzhavnoyi vladi i mIstsevogo samovryaduvannya, ob'ednannyah gromadyan, na pidpriemstvah, v ustanovah, organizatsiyah nezalezhno vid form vlasnosti, v zasobah masovoyi informatsiyi [On the approval of the Instructions on record keeping for appeals by citizens in state and local self-government bodies, citizen associations, enterprises, institutions, organizations, regardless of ownership, in the mass media]: postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayini (1997) vid 14.04.1997 r. № 348. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/348-97-p#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
25. Pro pershochergovi zahodi schodo zabezpechennya realizatsiyi ta garantuvannya konstitutsiynogo prava na zvernennya do organiv derzhavnoyi vladi ta organiv mistsevogo samovryaduvannya [On priority measures to ensure the implementation and guarantee of the constitutional right to apply to state authorities and local self-government bodies]: Ukaz Prezidenta (2008) vid 07.02.2008 r. № 109/2008. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/109/2008#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
26. Pro zatverdzhennya Klasifikatora zvernen gromadyan [About the approval of the Classifier of citizens' appeals]: postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayini (2008) vid 24.09.2008 r. № 858. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/858-2008-p#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
27. Deyaki pitannya Edinoyi sistemi opratsyuvannya zvernen [Some issues of the Unified system for processing appeals]: postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayini (2019) vid 27.11.2019 r. № 976. Ofitsiyniy visnik Ukrayini. 2019, № 97. [in Ukrainian].
28. Pro elektronni komunikatsiyi [About electronic communications]: Zakon Ukraiini (2020) vid 16.12.2020 r. № 1089-IX. URL: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1089-20#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
29. Pro organi samoorganizatsiyi naselennya [About self-organization bodies of the population]: Zakon Ukrayini (2001) vid 11.07.2001 r. № 2625-III. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2625-14#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
30. Pro natsionalnu infrastrukturu geoprostorovih danih [About the national infrastructure of geospatial data]: Zakon Ukrayini (2020) vid 13.04.2020 r. № 554-IX. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/554-20#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
2. Pro shvalennya Strategiyi rozvitku Informatsiynogo suspilstva v Ukrayini (2013) : rozporyadzhennya Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayini vid 15.05.2013 r. № 386-r. [On the approval of the Information Society Development Strategy in Ukraine]. Ofitsiyniy visnik Ukrayini, 2013. № 44. [in Ukrainian].
3. Tomkova Y., Hutkiy D. (2017) Analitichni zapiski z efektivnogo e-uryaduvannya. [Analytical notes on effective e-government]. Vipusk № 2: Vtilennya e-demokratiyi: Spektr Instrumentiv ta varianti viboru. Kiyiv. 10 s. [in Ukrainian].
4. Instrumenti e-demokratiyi u mistah Ukrayini. Informatsiyno-analitichniy dovidnik (2017) [Tools of e-democracy in Ukrainian cities. Informational and analytical guide] / A. Emelyanova M. Dovbenko, P. Zavadska, D. Hutkiy, S. Loboyko, M. Nahod; Za red. S. Loboyka, M. Nahoda, D. Hutkogo. K. 58 s. [in Ukrainian].
5. Chukut S.A. & Dmitrenko V.I. (2016) Smart-siti chi elektronne misto: suchasni pidhodi do rozuminnya vprovadzhennya e-uryaduvannya na mistsevomu rivni. [Smart city or electronic city: modern approaches to understanding the implementation of e-government at the local level]. Investitsiyi: praktika ta dosvid. 13. 89-93. [in Ukrainian].
6. R.P. Dameri & A. Cocchia (2013) Smart City and Digital City: Twenty Years of Terminology Evolution. X Conference of the Italian Chapter of AIS, ITAIS.
7. Pro «Vidkrite misto» yak chastinu «E-demu». IT-servIsi dlya gromad. 12.02.2019. [About «Open City» as part of «E-demo». IT services for communities]. URL: https://decentralization.gov.ua/news/10621?fbclid=IwAR3vhE-4c9k4D-zlghP0CHxEMb5Kyqks_11FZSbDwSFKjT0G9DMjgB5cI4 (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
8. Pro proekt e-DEM. [About the e-DEM project]. URL: https://e-dem.ua/about_us (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
9. Ponad tri tisyachi meshkantsiv gromad uzhe koristuyutsya Platformoyu SVOYI. 25.06.2021. [More than three thousand residents of communities already use the SVOI Platform]. URL: https://decentralization.gov.ua/news/13721 (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
10. Mintsifra prezentuvala platformu «Diya. Tsifrova gromada». 03.08.2021. [The Ministry of Digital presented the platform «Action. Digital community»]. URL: https://decentralization.gov.ua/news/13840 (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
11. Markevich, K., & Sidenko, V. (2021). Smart-infrastruktura u stalomu rozvytku mist: svitovyi dosvid ta perspektyvy Ukrainy [Smart infrastructure in sustainable urban development: world experience and prospects of Ukraine]. Kyiv: Vydavnytstvo «Zapovit». 400 s. [in Ukrainian].
12. Golovnya O.M. & Kondratova M.V. (2021) Kontseptsiya Integrovanogo rozvitku mist: Evropeyskiy dosvid ta yogo mozhlivosti zastosuvannya v Ukrayini. [The concept of integrated urban development: European experience and its application possibilities in Ukraine]. Ekonomika, fInansi, menedzhment: aktualni pitannya nauki i praktiki. 3. 178-194. DOI: https://doi. org/10.37128/2411-4413-2021-3-12 [in Ukrainian].
13. Platforma elektronnoyi demokratiyi ta elektronnogo vryaduvannya SMART CITY, SMART GROMADA, SMART REGION. [SMART CITY, SMART COMMUNITY, SMART REGION e-democracy and e-governance platform]. URL: https://bissoft.org/ua/ smart-city (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
14. Hamid Tohidi & Mohammad Mehdi Jabbari (2011) The main requirements to implement an electronic city. Procedia Computer Science. 3:1106-1110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2010.12.180
15. Vidkrite misto. [Open city]. URL: https://egap.in.ua/projects/vidkryte-misto/ (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
16. Pro zvernennya gromadyan : Zakon Ukrayini (1996) vid 02.10.1996 r. № 393/96-VR. [About the appeal of citizens]. URL: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/393/96-vr#Text (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
17. Asotsiatsiya vidkritih mist. Elektronni rishennya vladi i gromadyanam! [Association of open cities. Electronic solutions for authorities and citizens!]. URL: https://avm.org.ua/ (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
18. Potentsial tsifrovoyi transformatsiyi u gromadah Ukrayini. [The potential of digital transformation in the communities of Ukraine] 10.01.2022. URL: https://voxukraine.org/potentsial-tsyfrovoyi-transformatsiyi-u-gromadah-ukrayiny/ (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
19. open city. URL: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/open-city (data zvernennia: 22.07.2022).
20. Dashkevych, O. & Portnov, B.A. Criteria for Smart City Identification: A Systematic Literature Review. Sustainability 2022, 14, 4448. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14084448
21. MhItaryan A. (2020) Pravovi zasadi elektronnoyi demokratiyi v Ukrayini. [Legal Basis of Electronic Democracy in Ukraine]. Knowledge, Education, Law, Management. 4(32), vol. 1, 208-212. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51647/kelm.2020.4.1.38 [in Ukrainian].
22. Baregamyan S.H. & ChInchin K.I. (2022) Suchasniy stan, problemi ta perspektivi normativno-pravovogo zabezpechennya E-demokratiyi v Ukrayini v umovah Evropeyskoyi Integratsiyi. [Current State, Problems and Prospects of Regulatory and Legal Support of OF E-Democracy in Ukraine in the Conditions of European Integration]. Yuridichniy naukoviy elektronniy zhurnal, (1). 61-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2022-1/12 [in Ukrainian].
23. Omelchenko, A. (2022). Zakonodavstvo Ukrayini u sferi tsifrovoyi transformatsiyi. [Legislation of Ukraine in the Field of Digital Transformation: the State of Development and Prospects for Systematization]. Znannya Evropeyskogo prava, (6), 60-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32837/chern.v0i6.300 [in Ukrainian].
24. Pro zatverdzhennya Instruktsiyi z dilovodstva za zvernennyami gromadyan v organah derzhavnoyi vladi i mIstsevogo samovryaduvannya, ob'ednannyah gromadyan, na pidpriemstvah, v ustanovah, organizatsiyah nezalezhno vid form vlasnosti, v zasobah masovoyi informatsiyi [On the approval of the Instructions on record keeping for appeals by citizens in state and local self-government bodies, citizen associations, enterprises, institutions, organizations, regardless of ownership, in the mass media]: postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayini (1997) vid 14.04.1997 r. № 348. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/348-97-p#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
25. Pro pershochergovi zahodi schodo zabezpechennya realizatsiyi ta garantuvannya konstitutsiynogo prava na zvernennya do organiv derzhavnoyi vladi ta organiv mistsevogo samovryaduvannya [On priority measures to ensure the implementation and guarantee of the constitutional right to apply to state authorities and local self-government bodies]: Ukaz Prezidenta (2008) vid 07.02.2008 r. № 109/2008. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/109/2008#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
26. Pro zatverdzhennya Klasifikatora zvernen gromadyan [About the approval of the Classifier of citizens' appeals]: postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayini (2008) vid 24.09.2008 r. № 858. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/858-2008-p#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
27. Deyaki pitannya Edinoyi sistemi opratsyuvannya zvernen [Some issues of the Unified system for processing appeals]: postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayini (2019) vid 27.11.2019 r. № 976. Ofitsiyniy visnik Ukrayini. 2019, № 97. [in Ukrainian].
28. Pro elektronni komunikatsiyi [About electronic communications]: Zakon Ukraiini (2020) vid 16.12.2020 r. № 1089-IX. URL: https:// zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1089-20#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
29. Pro organi samoorganizatsiyi naselennya [About self-organization bodies of the population]: Zakon Ukrayini (2001) vid 11.07.2001 r. № 2625-III. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2625-14#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].
30. Pro natsionalnu infrastrukturu geoprostorovih danih [About the national infrastructure of geospatial data]: Zakon Ukrayini (2020) vid 13.04.2020 r. № 554-IX. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/554-20#Text (data zvernennia: 24.07.2022). [in Ukrainian].